Per

From TTT

Latin-English

per. prep. w/ acc.

1. Through.
2. By means of, with, using.

[Proto-Indo-European *peri.]

Loci

• αʹ Seneca the Elder, Controversiae 2.17:

Aemiliorum et Scipionum familias adoptio miscuit, et iam abolita saeculis nomina per successores novos fulgent.

Adoption mixed the houses of the Aemilii and the Scipiones, and now names faded for ages shine through in modern successors.

• βʹ Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria 1.5:

Adhuc difficilior observatio est per tenores [...] vel adcentus, quas Graeci προσῳδίας vocant, cum acuta et gravis alia pro alia ponuntur.

Observation is even more difficult with tones or accents—which the Greeks call προσῳδίαι—when the acute and the grave are put in each other's places.

• γʹ Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria 1.5:

Nam vitium quod fit per quantitatem, ut "magnum peculiolum", erunt qui soloecismum putent, quia pro nomine integro positum sit deminutum].

There will be some who would consider an error of degree, as in "magnum peculiolum", to be a solecism, because instead of a neutral word, a diminutive was given.

• δʹ Cicero, Ad Atticum 11.13:

Itaque tum et a tuo vilico sumpsimus et aliunde mutuati sumus cum Quintus queritur per litteras sibi nos nihil dedisse, qui neque ab illo rogati sumus neque ipsi eam pecuniam aspeximus.

So at the same time that we were taking handouts from your manager and borrowing from elsewhere, Quintus was whining in his letters that we had never given him anything; not only had he never asked us for the money — we hadn't even seen it ourselves.

• εʹ Vitruvius, De Architectura 10.2.1:

Per orbiculum 〈 summum 〉 traicitur ductarius funis, deinde demittitur et traducitur circa orbiculum trochleae inferioris. Refertur autem ad orbiculum imum trochleae superioris et ita descendit ad inferiorem et in foramine eius religatur.

The tow rope is passed over the top wheel, then it is dropped down and passed around the lower block's wheel. It is then brought back to the bottom wheel of the upper block, and so comes down to the lower one and is fastened through the hole in it.

• στʹ Seneca the Elder, Controversiae 2.7:

cetera, quemadmodum adulescens formosus, dives, ignotus in viciniam formosae et in absentia viri nimium liberae mulieris commigraverit, quemadmodum adsidua satietate continuatae per diem noctemque libidinis exhaustis viribus perierit, interrogate rumorem.

As for the rest—how an unknown, handsome young rich man could have moved into the neighborhood of a woman who was beautiful and, in the absence of her husband, too free with herself, and how he would have wasted away, all his energy drained by constant satisfaction of his uninterrupted lusts, all day and all night—ask the rumor mill.

• ζʹ Cicero, Ad Atticum 4.1:

legem consules conscripserunt qua Pompeio per quinquennium omnis potestas rei frumentariae toto orbe terrarum daretur

The consuls drew up a law by which Pompey was given, for five years, full control over affairs pertaining to grain all over the world.

• ηʹ Ovid, Metamorphoses 7.125-126:

ūtqu(e) hŏmĭ|nīs spĕcĭ|ēm mā|tērnā | sūmĭt ĭn | ālvō pērquĕ sŭ|ōs īn|tūs nŭmĕ|rōs cōm|pōnĭtŭr | īnfāns

And just as the infant in its mother's womb takes on human form, and is put together from all its parts within